Emerald is one of the best known and most longing precious stones. 
Emerald is coloured green by traces of chromium and often has inclusions, that can be seen very easy. These inclusions ("Jardin") are no proof of real stones, because also systhetic emeralds have certain inclusions. 
Most longing features are a dark green and no inclusions, but emeralds with a dark green and some inclusions are even better than emeralds with a weak colour and no inclusions.  
The most important occurances are located near Chivor und Muzo (Columbia). In Brazil the mines of Bahia, Goyaz und Minas Gerais are known to produce emeralds of a lighter green. In Africa only the mines of Zimbabwe are known. Russian emerals were discovered in the Ural-mountains. 
Due to their brittleness emeralds are cut into special grindings (Emerald-cut) with obtuse edges. 
 
 

Aquamarine is also a mineral species of bery and is very longing due to its sea-water colour. 
The apportionment of an aquamarine´s colour is more homogenous than it is in emerald, and lightly greenish aquamarines become deep blue by a special heat-treatment. Typical gemmological features are also inclusions (Hollow tubes, phase inclusions, mineral inclusions)  
The most common deposits are located near Minas Gerais, Bahia, Esperito Santo and Goyaz (Brazil), but also in the highland of Madagascar.